Open government and the use of ICT to reduce corruption risks

Abstract

Over the past three decades, advanced industrial countries have witnessed a decline of citizens’ confidence in the core public (Miller 1974; Niemi et al. 1989; Dalton 1999; Nye 1997; Norris 1999; Newton 1999; Newton 2006) and a wide range of private institutions (Lipset and Schneider 1983; Dogan 1994; Listhaug and Wiberg 1995; Dalton 1996). This erosion of confidence in the major institutions of society has been explained as a result of both contextual government ineffectiveness and poor macroeconomic outcomes (Lewis-Beck 1988; Norpoth 1996; Newton 2006; Polavieja 2013; Magalhães 2014, 2016; Quaranta and Martini 2017; Teixeira et al. 2014) and as a consequence of deterioration in the quality of government performance (Aarts and Thomassen 2008; Holmberg and Rothstein 2012; Rothstein 2009, 2011; Rothstein and Teorell 2008; Wagner et al. 2009).